Snapshots of Life by Banking Rules in the 2009 Obama Era

America elected the western industrialized world’s first non-white leader in 2008 in part to address an unprecedented global economic crisis brought on by eight years of a conservative administration that promoted unilateralism and deregulation of financial institutions to maintain dominance in a globalizing world. In the wake of that policy, the new administration secured legislation to regulate predatory banking practices that had contributed to consumer participation in the collapse of the country’s economic system.

The new banking regulations were due to go into effect in 2010 but the American public appeared unappeased by the far-off protections. Consumer confidence continued to plummet as unemployment rose to near 10 per cent nationwide, as widely reported by sources aggregated on Google News, among others.

Half-way into the new administration’s first year, a new consumer protection agency was proposed and was met with opposition by the conservative friends of bankers. A Commission was set up to investigate the causes of the crisis and America’s role in its dynamics, with the Commission’s head vowing to let -no stone go unturned- in identifying the actors and conditions that had led to a situation unseen since the Great Depression of the previous century.

The Commission’s report was to be released by the end of December. With the new curbs on banking practices not in effect until 2010, banks had the rest of the administration’s first year in which to pull out all stops to capitalize on consumer vulnerability.

Among other banking developments in 2009, interest rates on credit cards were hiked by up to 28 percent if payment was a day late. Promotional interest rates expired with no recourse but to accept higher rates or cancel accounts to lose credit flexibility. Accounts were cancelled for either nonuse or overuse and cards were disabled without prior notice for such reasons as security checks on suspicious card activity.

The upshot was the need to carry two or three cards to shop with confidence. Uncertainty no doubt contributed to the all important -consumer confidence- factor that continued to lag in the government’s efforts to stimulate the economy. On the consumer side, silent protest took the form of refusal to buy, sending the message that consumers were aware that unfairness had reached the stage of absurdity judged by common sense comparison with daily life. Rules of fair play are a staple of sports and form the basis for human relations. Violations lead to penalties, ousters, and in the personal realm, to divorces. The breadth of scenarios resulting from capricious applications of terms to agreements would not only be innumerable. They would include situations such as the following.

*Two people made a date for lunch. One decided not to show and decided it was not important to let the other know.

*Two people met for lunch at the invitation of one who stated his intention to pay. The purported host left once dessert was ordered.

*Three people agreed to meet for lunch. One was a minute late and was told the penalty was to pick up the entire tab.

*A club was established with a set amount for dues. The dues were raised without membership vote. Protestors were told to comply or abandon projects being carried out on the club’s behalf.

Further snapshots of life without a fair application of agreed-upon rules would demonstrate chaos, all the way back beyond humanity’s cave days and into the dark void before God made order in the universe. They would be a summary of the banking policies that had led the country into the need for an Obama.

Helen Fogarassy is a Hungarian-born American internationalist writer with a 20-year association to the United Nations. Her suspense novel, The Midas Maze, involves murderous hijinks in UN/US relations. Other books include The Light of a Destiny Dark, a novel about the Euro-American cultural gap and Mission Improbable: The World Community on a UN Compound in Somalia. All are available on web book sites. Visit her at www.helenfogarassy.com to get more.

About Banking Courses in India

Whether you do a regular course or a diploma course, once the course is complete, you can start looking for jobs in both the public sector as well as the private sector. Banks regularly advertise jobs in newspapers and employment weeklies. The Reserve Bank of India and other nationalized banks hire banking professionals in clerical positions and Grade A and Grade B officers. There is a preliminary test held for these posts after which the candidates are selected for interview and discussion. Government banks hire banking graduates as Probationary Officers. There are other fields of banking too where jobs are available for banking graduates. These include Merchant Banking, Investment Banking, Treasury and Forex Department, Department and Foreign Exchange, etc. In private banks, the scope is even wider with banks hiring on positions such as credit control managers, corporate banking executives, relationship managers and customer care executives.

Outside India also, job opportunities for banking graduates are tremendous. Many international banks hire qualified professionals for various profiles on competitive salaries. Foreign banks operating from India also hire banking graduates. Thus, banking courses have become very popular in the recent past and more and more students are opting for such courses. They open up an array of opportunities for young graduates willing to make career in this lucrative field.

Overview of UAE Banking Sector

The UAE banking sector is still in recovery stage, post the 2008-09 real estate crisis in Dubai. However, the financial performance of the banks has stabilised especially over the past couple of years. The UAE banks, particularly Dubai based banks, are facing asset quality challenges, as reflected in their high proportion of non-performing loans and low level of provisions. On the other hand, Abu Dhabi based banks appear relatively less challenged from these issues due to their relatively lower exposure to real estate and higher exposure to oil based industries, which did well amid favourable oil price environment.

The key concerns related to the UAE banks include i) concentration in loans and deposits, ii) high proportion of related party exposures, iii) limited data transparency/availability, and iv) stiff industry competition. Moreover, the performance of the UAE banks has been constrained by the still recovering real estate and construction sectors. Although the banks maintain a strong presence in their local markets, the banking sector has limited diversification and displays concentration in terms of geographies, products, and customers.

That said, most of the UAE based banks benefit from strong ownership structure backed by local governments. In addition, most of these banks are in the process of restructuring their problem loans. The economy of Dubai has shown encouraging growth in the past two years. All key sectors of the economy including real estate, trade, tourism, and services have shown a considerable improvement. The improved performance of the core sectors would result in re-classification of some of non-performing loans as performing loans, which would reduce stress on the banking sector in the medium term.

Recent political unrest in some countries in the MENA region has benefited UAE, owing to its safe haven status in the region. Dubai has strengthened its position as a regional financial hub and has become a key channel for investment across the MENA region. This has directly helped local banks. The key characteristics of the UAE banking sector are as follows.

i) Strong links to local governments: The UAE banking sector has been strongly dominated by the governments of Abu Dhabi and Dubai. The ruling families are also actively involved through their investments in the country, typically through their holding companies. The government’s significant involvement in the UAE banking system proved beneficial during the global financial crisis. The authorities responded quickly when needed and supported local banks in 2008 and early 2009. The UAE Central Bank has provided liquidity support as well as deposits to banks in the past to alleviate funding pressure. Markets expect a continuous support to the UAE banks from local governments in future, if needed.

ii) Strong capitalization: The UAE banking sector exhibits a very strong level of capitalization. Its capital levels are supported by consistent profitability, strong earnings retention, and equity injections from the government in times of need. Total capital adequacy ratio of the sector has exceeded 20% over the past three years, the highest in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries. However, the high capital levels are also justified by some banks’ high share of non-performing loans, which requires a higher level of capital than the average.

iii) Weak asset quality: The UAE banks are challenged by weak asset quality. Most of the banks based in Dubai have shown very high level of non-performing loans and insufficient provisions. Moody’s expects non-performing loans of the UAE banks to remain in 10%-12% range in 2013. The agency also stated that despite recovery in core industries, the non performing loans are unlikely to reduce rapidly in the medium term due to banks’ large exposure to troubled borrowers, especially in the real estate industry.

iv) Dependence on oil prices and global macro-economic conditions: The performance of the UAE economy, especially Abu Dhabi, largely depends on oil prices. Any sudden fall in oil prices could result in lower public spending by the Abu Dhabi government. This could impact the performance of Abu Dhabi based banks, which have largely been involved in financing government directed projects. Also, in the event of a sharp decline in oil prices, the resulting economic downturn may further impact lending activities of the banks. On the other hand, Dubai largely derives its growth from real estate, trade, tourism, and services industry. The performance of most of these sectors is linked to global economy. Any deterioration in global macroeconomic environment would directly impact Dubai’s economy and its banking sector.

v) Limited credit differentiation: It is hard to differentiate between UAE banks just by looking at their credit metrics. Most of these banks are closely linked to local governments. The differences in asset quality and franchise value are the only primary distinguishing factors for the banks in the country.

vi) High competition: The UAE is an overbanked region. There are 51 banks currently operating in the UAE. This has resulted in stiff industry competition and has pressurized net interest margins of the banks.

Malaysia Banking Industry1h11 – Overview,trends,analysis,outlook And Swot

Emerging Markets Direct released their latest Malaysia Banking Industry Report 1H11. Contributed by higher net interest and financing income and revenue related to financing activities, the pretax profit of Malaysia Banking Industry increased by 17.8% y-o-y to RM6.13 million in 3Q10. As of September 2010, total assets held by financial institutions in Malaysia amounted to RM1, 508.57 billion, a record growth of 10.12% y-o-y. Commercial banks represent the largest segment of all financial institutions in Malaysia (total asset at RM1, 192.84 million), with Maybank taking up 27.18% of the local market share and ranking first domestically.

About 55.61% of total loans in the Malaysian banking system is driven by the household sector (eg. Mortgage,hire purchase loans for passenger cards and personal loans), which was up 13.4% y-o-y as at September 2010. Education, health and other sectors saw a robust growth in total loans at a rate of 69.83% y-o-y. Overall, the total loans in the banking industry grew by 11.84% y-o-y to RM854.18 billion.

The banking system remains very stable with ample liquidity to meet demands for deposits withdrawals. In the third quarter of 2010, deposits saw a growth of 8.90% y-o-y, which was mainly derived from financial institutions, businesses and individuals. The loan-to-deposit ratio as well as the financing-to-deposit ratio were rather stable and remain at 81.3% and 87.8% respectively.
To sustain high level of stability, the banking system adheres to the rules and requirements specified under Bank Negara Malaysias mandate. All banking institutions in Malaysia are required to comply with the Risk-Weighted Capital Ratio requirement (8%) set by the central bank. As of 3Q10, the ratio remained strong at 14.75%, far more than the specified ratio.

Growth story continues in the Islamic banking segment, Islamic banking in Malaysia is the fastest growing sector in the global banking industry with an average annual growth rate of 20% over the past 5 years. Malaysia is the worlds largest market for sukuk or Islamic bond market, which takes up around 65% of the global market share. To date, Malaysia has 17 Islamic banks including Islamic units in HSBC holdings, OCBC and Standard Chartered PLC.

What is the development of Mobile Banking? How does the central bank and government offer assistance to the Small and Medium Enterprises (SME)? What are the mergers and consolidations activities set out in the Financial Sector Master Plan? What are the trends and outlook of the industry?

Profit now from our Malaysia Banking Industry report:
http://www.emergingmarketsdirect.com/products/Malaysia-Banking-Industry.html

Table of Content
1. Industry Profile
Sector Overview
Sector Size and Value
Total Assets
Total Loans and Deposits
1.2.3 Interest Rates
1.3 Sector Performance
1.3.1 Financial Institution Profit and Loss
1.3.2 Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR)
1.3.3 Non-Performing Loan (NPL) Ratio
2. Market Trends and Outlook
2.1 Islamic Banking
2.2 Mobile Banking
2.3 Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)
2.4 Industry Consolidation
3. Leading Players and Comparative Matrix
3.1 Leading Players
3.1.1 Malayan Banking Berhad (Maybank)
3.1.2 Public Bank Berhad (Public Bank)
3.1.3 CIMB Group Holdings Berhad (CIMB)
3.1.4 RHB Capital Berhad (RHB)
3.1.5 Hong Leong Bank Berhad (Hong Leong)
3.2 Comparative Matrix
3.3 SWOT Analysis
4. Tables & Charts
Table 1: Banking Institutions in Malaysia
Table 2: Breakdown of Total Loans by Sector (December 2006 September 2010)
Table 3: Breakdown of Total Loans by Purpose (December 2006- September2010)
Table 4: Interest Rates in Malaysia 2006 2008,1Q09 to 3Q10
Table 5: Top 25 Countries by Shariah-Compliant Assets
Table 6: Number of Establishments by Sector
Table 7: CIMB: Profit before Tax by Segment FY08, FY09
Table 8: CIMB: 2009 Target Achieved
Table 9: Financial Highlights of the Leading Players FYE09 or FYE10
Chart 1: Malaysias GDP and Growth Rate 2006-2010
Chart 2: Total Assets by Types of Financial Institutions as at September 2009 and 2010
Chart 3: Total Assets of Nine Domestic Banks in Malaysia as at September 2010
Chart 4: Total Loans and Growth Rate September 2007-September 2010
Chart 5: Loan Disbursements by Sector 2Q09,3Q09,4Q09,1Q10,2Q10,3Q10
Chart 6: Banking Systems Loan Applications and Growth Rate 1Q07 3Q10
Chart 7: Loan applications vs Loan Approvals 1Q06 3Q10
Chart 8: Banking Systems Total Deposits as of September 2010
Chart 9: Banking Systems Total Deposits 2005-Sept 2010
Chart 10: Total Deposits by Types of Financial Institutions 2009 and September 2010
Chart 11: Loan/Financing to Deposit Ratio April 2009 September 2010
Chart 12: Overnight Policy Rate March 2006- September 2010
Chart 13: Commercial Banks Lending Rates 2006 2008, 1Q09 to 3Q10
Chart 14: Banking Systems Capital Ratios March 2006-September2010
Chart 15: Banking Systems Net NPL Ratio March 2005 – September 2010
Chart 16: Mobile Users Worldwide by 2011
Chart 17: Maybank: Net Income by Business Activity FY2010
Chart 18: Public Bank Loan Loss Coverage 2005-2009
Chart 19: Public Bank Asset Growth 2005-2009
Chart 20: CIMB Groups Earnings History 2005-2009
Chart 21: RHB Bank: Loans, Advances and Financing 2005-2009
Chart 22: RHB Bank: Total Deposits 2005-2009
Chart 23: RHB Bank: Operating Revenue by Business Segment in 2009
Chart 24: Intrinsic Value of Hong Leong Bank FY2006-2010
Chart 25: Hong Leong Bank Total Loans and Deposits at Bank Level FY 2006-2010

Breeze A Richer Mobile Banking Experience

Today, mobile banking is without doubt the latest and greatest technology, product, and service currently being offered through various financial institutions. However, one bank has actually pioneered features, making this a time for Standard Chartered Bank to shine. This banks version of a mobile banking application is truly unique, one built on a philosophy of providing what bank customers want.

The majority of other banks who have entered the mobile banking market have focused design and development of mobile banking applications on what they think customers want or what they feel the customers should have. Obviously, to build a strong base of loyal customers, banks have to provide products and services that offer real value. When customers see their voices have been heard and opinions listened to, these customers remain extremely loyal.

For any relationship to work between a bank and its customers, a level of trust and respect must exist. These two components are critical to success for both parties. With Standard Chartered Bank, executives and employees alike have taken every necessary step to offer customers solutions to make life easier, which is apparent in the new and revolutionary mobile banking solution known as Breeze.

When looking at mobile banking solutions offered through other banks, it is common to see that features plateau, even though the type of features may be quite different. However, with Breeze, conventional and revolutionary features have been taken to the next level, for the better. As a result, personal and business customers of Standard Chartered Bank enjoy a much richer experience overall, whether using online or Breeze mobile banking services.

A prime example would be in the way that other banks allow customers to view and transfer money using mobile banking. Typically, these two services are very basic and by providing features with limitations, the customers are shorted. For instance, if a Customer wanted to complete a task or transaction other than viewing an account or transferring money, additional applications through the banks website or through the mobile banking medium would have to be opened.

Let us say that a customer with a different bank wanted to look at the balance in a checking account, but also pay a bill, redeem earned points, or even report a lost or stolen credit card. To accomplish this, one application would need to be manipulated for view the account and another application for the second task. From this customers perspective, it does not appear as if the bank cared much about the effort and time involved to manage money online or via mobile banking.

Obviously, this type of process creates tremendous frustration, which often leads to bank disloyalty. At Standard Chartered Bank, the number one goal beyond anything else is to provide every customer with a smooth and professional experience. For this reason, whether managing accounts online or through Breeze mobile banking, tasks and transactions have been simplified but without sacrificing any of the power.

In addition to happy customers remaining loyal, the online services through Standard Chartered Bank and mobile banking services through Breeze provide an opportunity for other people to hear how great this bank and its products/services are through word of mouth.